The risks to the Internet and to targeted industry sectors remain and continue to evolve, according to the latest State of the Internet / Security Report released by Akamai Technologies, Inc.
“Use cases for botnets like Mirai have continued to advance and change, with attackers increasingly integrating Internet of Things vulnerabilities into the fabric of DDoS botnets and malware. It’s short sighted to think of Mirai as the only threat, though,” said Martin McKeay, senior security advocate and senior editor, State of the Internet / Security Report.
“With the release of the source code, any aspect of Mirai could be incorporated into other botnets. Even without adding Mirai’s capabilities, there is evidence that botnet families like BillGates, elknot, and XOR have been mutating to take advantage of the changing landscape.”
DDoS Attacks
Mirai DNS Water Torture Attacks, a DNS query flood included in Mirai malware, targeted Akamai customers in the financial services industry. Most of the impacted DNS servers received queries at an even rate during the attacks, except for an attack observed on January 15, 2017 when one of three DNS servers received 14 Mbps of attack traffic.
The attacks can create denial of service outages by consuming the target domain’s resources in looking up randomly generated domain names in great numbers.
Reflection attacks continued to comprise the largest number of DDoS attack vectors and accounted for 57 percent of all mitigated attacks in Q1 2017, with Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) reflectors as the biggest source of attacks.
Web Application Attacks
The United States remained the top source country for web application attacks, showing another significant year-over-year increase — up 57 percent from Q1 2016.
The top three attack vectors used against web applications in Q1 of 2017 were SQLi, LFI and XSS.
The Netherlands, in second for the top source of web application attacks of Q1 2017, dropped to 13 percent from 17 percent in the previous quarter, remaining a consistent source of attack traffic and a large proportion of attacks from a country of only 17 million citizens.
Top Attack Vectors
UDP fragment, DNS and NTP maintained their positions as the top three DDoS attack vectors, while reserved protocol floods and connection floods were also on the Q1 2017 attack vectors list.
The Q1 2017 top three most frequent attack vectors per week were ACK, CHARGEN, and DNS.
New reflection attack vector Connectionless Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (CLDAP) was discovered and has been observed producing DDoS attacks comparable to DNS reflection with most attacks exceeding 1 Gbps.