Cybercriminal networks are taking advantage of lax IoT device security to spread malware and create zombie networks, or botnets, unbeknownst to their device owners, according to research by Symantec Corp.
Symantec’s Security Response team has discovered that cybercriminals are hijacking home networks and everyday consumer connected devices to help carry out DDoS attacks on more profitable targets, usually large companies. To succeed, they need cheap bandwidth and get it by stitching together a large web of consumer devices that are easy to infect because they lack sophisticated security.
More than half of all IoT attacks originate from China and the US, based on the location of IP addresses to launch malware attacks. High numbers of attacks are also emanating from Russia, Germany, the Netherlands, Ukraine and Vietnam. In some cases, IP addresses may be proxies used by attackers to hide their true location.
Most IoT malware targets non-PC embedded devices such as web servers, routers, modems, NAS devices, CCTV systems, and Industrial Control Systems. Many are Internet-accessible but, because of their operating system and processing power limitations, they may not include any advanced security features.
As attackers are now highly aware of insufficient IoT security, many pre-program their malware with commonly used and default passwords, allowing them to easily hijack IoT devices. Poor security on many IoT devices makes them easy targets, and often victims may not even know they have been infected.
Record year for IoT attacks
The study also revealed that 2015 was a record year for IoT attacks, with plenty of speculation about possible hijacking of home automation and home security devices. However, attacks to date have shown that attackers tend to be less interested in the victim and the majority wish to hijack a device to add it to a botnet, most of which are used to perform distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks.
More than half of all IoT attacks originate from China and the US, based on the location of IP addresses to launch malware attacks. High numbers of attacks are also emanating from Russia, Germany, the Netherlands, Ukraine and Vietnam. In some cases, IP addresses may be proxies used by attackers to hide their true location.
IoT devices are a prime target, since they are designed to be plugged in and forgotten after basic set-up.
The most common passwords IoT malware used to attempt to log into devices was, unsurprisingly, the combination of ‘root’ and ‘admin’, indicating that default passwords are frequently never changed.
Attacks originating from multiple IoT platforms simultaneously may be seen more often in the future, as the amount of the embedded devices connected to the Internet rises.